On Fri, 27 Dec 1996, Bruce Watson wrote:

>> Does anyone know of a study or studies
> I might use to approximate losses of fry and overwintering subyearlings
> associated with rapid flow fluctuations?
>
Variables that affect standing losses include:
 Life History Stage
 River Channel Configuration
 Substrate Type
 Ramping Range
 Critical Flow
 Frequency of flow reductions
 Ramping rate
 time of year
 time of day
 duration of stranding
 predation
 impacts to aquatic invertebrates

Studies:

Gislason, J. C.  1985. Aquatic Insect Abundance in a Regulated Stream
under Fluctuating and Stable Diel Flow Patterns.  North Amer. J. of Fish.
Manag. 5:39-46

Cushman, R. M.  1985. Review of Ecological Effects of Rapidly Varying
Flows Downstream from Hydroelectric Facilities.  N. Amer. J. of Fish
Management 5:330-339

Thompson, J. S.  1970.  The Effects of Water Regulation at Gorge Dam on
Stranding of Salmon Fry in the Skagit River, 1969-1970. WDF. Olympia,
WA.  Unpubl. MS. 46 p

Witty, K. and K. Thompson 1974. Fish Standing Surveys (Chapter 10) In K.
Bayha and C. Koski. Anatomy of a River: An Evaluation of Water
Requirements for the Hell's Canyon Reach of the Snake River Conducted
March, 1973. Pacific Northwest River Basins Commission.  Vancouver, WA.
p113-120

Phinney, L. A. 1974. Further Observations on Juvenile Salmon Stranding in
the Skagit River, March 1973. WDF, Olympia, WA. Prog. Rep. 26:34pp
Phinney, L. A. 1974.  Report on the 1972 Study of the Effect of River
Flow Fluctuations Below Merwin Dam on Downstream Migrant Salmon.  WDF.
Unpublished ms. 23pp

Bauersfeld, K. 1977.  Effects of Peaking (Stranding) of Columbia River
Dams on Juvenile Anadromous Fish below the Dalles Dam, 1974 and 1975.
WDF, Olympia, WA Tech. Rep. 31:117

Hunter, M.A.  1992. Hydropower flow fluctuations and salmonids: A review
of the bilogical effects, mechanical causes and options for mitigation.
WDF Technical Report 119.  WDF Olympia WA

Bauersfeld, K.  1978. Standing of Juvenile Salmon by flow reductions at
Mayfield Dam on the Cowlitz River.  WDF, Olympia, WA, Tech Rep. 38:32 pp

Satterthwaite, T. D. 1987.  Effects of Lost Creek dam on spraing chinook
in the Rogue River, Oregon.  An Update. Prepared by Research and
Development Section, Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildlife for US Army Corps
of Engineers, DACW57-77-C-0027. 72 p

Olson, F. W.  1990. Downramping Regime for power operations to minimize
stranding of salmon fry in the Sultan River.  Contract report by CH2M
Hill (Bellevue, WA) for Snohomish County PUD 1. 70pp

I hope this helps, please pardon the typos.

Best Wishes for the New Year

Gary Sprague
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(360) 902-2539