The list of references below on underwater explosions has been
forwarded to FE-request by courtesy of Dr. G. Cada <[log in to unmask]>,
originally compiled by another FE-colleague.
Cheers, APS/lst. ownr.
Subject: Underwater explosions references
Anonymous (1948). Effects of underwater explosions on oysters,
crabs and fish. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory Bulletin. 70.
43pp.
Baldwin, W.J. (1954). Underwater explosions not harmful to salmon.
California Fish and Game 4: 77.
Banner, A. and M. Hyatt (1973). Effects of noise on eggs and larvae
of two estuarine fishes. Transactions of the American Fisheries
Society 102: 134-136.
Baxter, L., E.E. Hays, G.R. Hampson and R.M. Backus (1982).
Mortality of fish subjected to explosive shock as applied to oil
well severance on Georges Bank. Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution Technical Report. No. WHOI-82-54.
Bebb, A.H., H.N.V. Temperley and J.S.P. Rawlins (1981).
Underwater blast experiments and researches by British
investigators. Admiralty Marine Technology Establishment Report.
AMTE (E) R81-401-1981.
Blaxter, J.H.R., J.H.B. Gray and E.J. Denton (1981). Sound and
startle response in herring shoals. Journal of the Marine
Biological Association of the United Kingdom 61: 851-869.
Blaxter, J.H.R. and D.E. Hoss (1981). Startle response in
herring: the effect of sound stimulus frequency, size of fish,
selective interference with the acoustico-lateralis system. Journal
of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 61:
871-879.
Booren, R.T. (1985). Mitigation measures for controlling the
side-effects of explosives use in water. In: Effects of explosives
use in the marine environment. Workshop Proceedings. EPB Technical
Report No. 5. G.D. Greene, F.R. Englehardt and R.J. Paterson
(ed.). Canada Oil and Gas Lands Administration, .
Burns, J.J., B.P. Kelly, L.D. Aumiller, K.J. Frost and S. Hills
(1982). Studies on ringed seals in the Alaska Beaufort Sea during
winter: impacts of seismic exploration. Alaska Department of Fish
and Game Annual Report.
Chamberlain, D.W. (1985). Effects of seismic geophysical surveys
on fish and marine mammals - a literature review. ARCO
Environmental Protection, 515 South Flower Street, Los Angeles, CA
90071 18pp.
Chapman, C.J. and A.D. Hawkins (1969). The importance of sound in
fish behaviour in relation to capture by trawls. FAO Fisheries
Report 62: 717-729.
Chelminski, P. (1974). The effect of dynamite and PAR air guns on
marine life. Bolt Associates Inc., Norwalk, Conn., USA
Coker, C.M. and E.H. Hollis (1950). Fish mortalilty caused by a
series of heavy explosions in Chesapeake Bay. The Journal of
Wildlife Management 14: 435-445.
Davies, G.J. and J.L.J. Wilson (1995). Wildlife sensitivity
criteria for oil and gas developments in Great Britain.
(Contractor: Environment & Resource Technology Ltd, Stromness).
Joint Nature Consevation Committee Report. No. 206 (ERT Report No.
94/079).
Dobrin, M.B. (1960). Seismic operations in water-covered areas.
In: Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting. McGraw-Hill Book Co.,
211-217.
Eklund, C.R. (1946). Effect of high explosive bombing on fish.
The Journal of Wildlife Management 10: 72.
Engelhardt, F.R., G.D. Greene and R.J. Paterson (1985).
Explosives in the marine environment. In: Effects of explosives use
in the marine environment. Workshop Proceedings. EPB Technical
Report No. 5. G.D. Greene, F.R. Englehardt and R.J. Paterson
(ed.). Canada Oil and Gas Lands Administration, .
Ewing, M. and L. Engel (1962). Seismic shooting at sea. Scientific
American 206: 116- 126.
Falk, M.R. and M.J. Lawrence (1973). Seismic explorations: its
nature and effect on fish. Resource Management Branch, Fisheries
Operations Directorate, Central Region (Environment), Winnepeg,
Canada Technical Report Series. No. CEN T-73-9. 51pp.
Fish Dispersal Steering Committee (1985). Pilot study on the
dispersal of rockfish by seismic exploration acoustic signals: a
joint commercial fishing/petroleum exploration industries project in
cooperation with State of California and Federal agencies.
International Association of Gerophysical Contractors, Denver,
Colorado
Fitch, J.E. and P.H. Young (1949). Use and effect of explosives
in California coastal waters. California Fish and Game 53-70.
Fletcher, J.L. and e. al (1971). Effects of noise on wildlife.
Academic Press Inc., New York. 168-208pp.
Gausland, I. (1992). An assessment of the risk potential of
Norwegian shelf seismic operations. Fisheries and Offshore
Petroleum Exploitation 2nd International Conference, Bergen, Norway.
6th-8th April, 1992, .
Geraci, J.R. and A.D.J. St (1980). Offshore petroleum resource
development and marine mammals: a review and research
recommendations. Mar. Fish. Rev. 42: 1-12.
Gordon, D.C., Ed. (1988). An assessment of the possible
environmental impacts of exploratory drilling on Georges Bank
fishery resources. Canadian Technical Reports of Fisheries and
Aquatic Sciences. Fisheries and Oceans. 31pp.
Gowanloch, J.N. and J.E. McDougall (1946). The biological effects
on fish, shrimps and oysters of the underwater explosion of heavy
charges of dynamite. Transactions of the 11th North American
Wildlife Conference 212-219.
Grader Jr, W.F.Z. (1988). The effects of seismic exploration on
fisheries. 155th National Meeting of the American Association for
the Advancement of Science, San Francisco, California, USA.
14th-19th January, 1989, .
Greene, G.D., F.R. Englehardt and R.J. Paterson (1985). Effects
of explosives use in the marine environment. Canada Oil and Gas
Lands Administration, Ottawa, Ontario Workshop proceedings.
Environmental Protection Branch Technical Report. No. 5. 398pp.
Hall, C.D. (1993). The effects of seismic exploration and
underwater explosives on marine life: a bibliography. Scottish
Office Agriculture and Fisheries Department Scottish Fisheries
Working Paper. No. 5/93. 13pp.
Hubbs, C.L. and A.B. Rechnitzer (1952). Report on experiments
designed to determine effects of underwater explosions on fish life.
California Fish and Game 38: 333-366.
Jakosky, J.J. and J. Jakosky Jr (1956). Characteristics of
explosives for marine seismic explorations. Geophysics 21: 969-991.
Jehl Jr, J.R., M.J. White Jr and S.I. Bond (1980). Effects of
sound and shock waves on marine vertebrates: an annotated
bibliography. Fish and Wildlife Service (Biological Services)
FWS/OBS/80/02.
Kearns, R.K. and F.C. Boyd (1965). The effect of marine seismic
exploration on fish populations in British Columbia coastal waters.
Cananda Fish Culturist 34: 3-26.
Keen, C., I. Reid and K. Louden (1985). Explosive shots in marine
geophysics: 20 years of deep seismic studies off eastern Canada.
In: Effects of explosives use in the marine environment. Workshop
Proceedings. EPB Technical Report No. 5. G.D. Greene, F.R.
Englehardt and R.J. Paterson (ed.). Canada Oil and Gas Lands
Administration, .
Kemp Jr, R.J. (1956). Do seismographic explosions affect marine
life? Texas Game and Fish 14: 11-13.
Kostyuchenko, L.P. (1971). Effect of elastic waves generated on
fish in the Black Sea. Hydrobiological Journal 9: 45-48.
Kostyuchenko, L.P. (1973). Effect of elastic waves generated in
marine seismic prospecting on fish eggs in the Black Sea.
Hydrobiological Journal 9: 72-75.
Larsen, T. and H.K. Johnson (1992). Recent experience on the
impact of chemical explosives on penned Atlantic salmon and cod.
Fisheries and Offshore Petroleum Exploitation 2nd International
Conference, Bergen, Norway. 6th- 8th April, 1992, .
Linton, T.L. and e. al (1985). Effects upon selected marine
organisms of explosives used for sound production in geophysical
exploration. Texas Journal of Science 37: 341- 351.
Linton, T.L., N. Hall, D. LaBomascus and A.M. Landry (1988).
Effects of seismic sounds on marine organisms: an annotated
bibliography and literature review. Texas A&M University, Dep.
Oceanogr., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Galveston, TX 77843,
USA Final report to International Association of Geophysical
Contractors, Denver, Colorado. 67pp.
MacLennen, D.N. (1977). Underwater explosions and their
consequences for fish. Scottish Office Agriculture and Fisheries
Department, Marine Laboratory Working Paper. 77/15.
Malme, C.I. and e. al (1983). Investigations of the potential
effects of underwater noise from petroleum industry activities on
migrating grey whale behaviour. Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.,
Cambridge, MA BBN Report No. 5366.
Malme, C.I. and e. al (1984). Investigations of the potential
effects of underwater noise from petroleum industry activities on
migrating grey whale behaviour. Phase II: January 1984. Bolt
Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA BBN Report No. 5866.
Malme, C.I., P.R. Miles, G.W. Miller, W.J. Richardson, D.G.
Roseneau, D.H. Thompson and C.R. Greene Jr (1989). Analysis and
ranking of the acoustic disturbance potential of petroleum industry
activities and other sources of noise in the environment of marine
mammals in Alaska. Bolt Beranek and Newman Systems and Technologies
Corp., Cambridge, Mass., USA. NTIS PB90-188673 Report No. 6945 to
the US Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service,
Alaska OCS Office.
McCauley, R.D. (1994). Seismic surveys. In: Environmental
Implications of Offshore Oil and Gas Development in Australia - The
findings of an Independent Scientific Review. J.M. Swan, J.M.
Neff and P.C. Young (ed.). APEA, Sydney. p 19-122.
Myrberg, A.A. (1980). Fish bio-acoustics: its relevance to the
"not so silent world". Environ. Biol. Fish. 5: 297-304.
Pappas, M.J. (1983). Published literature on the effects of marine
geophysical operations on fish. Shell Oil Co. Information
Analysis. Health, Safety and Environment.
Pearson, W.H., J.R. Skalski and C.I. Malme (1987). Effects of
sounds from a geophysical survey device on fishing success. BBN
Labs. Inc., Cambridge, MA/Minerals Management Service, Los Angeles
Report no. OCS/MMS- 87/0020. 287pp.
Pearson, W.H., J.R. Skalski and C.I. Malme (1992). Effects of
sounds from a geophysical survey device on behaviour of captive
rockfish (Sebastes spp.). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic
Sciences 49:
Rulifson, R.L. and R.W. Schoning (1963). Geophysical offshore oil
explorations and associated fishery problems. Fish Commission of
Oregon, Portland, Oregon, USA Investigational report. 1.
Sieling, F.W. (1953). Experiments on the effects of seismographic
explorations on oysters. Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries
Association 93-104.
St Amant, L.S. (1955). Investigations of effects of seismic
operations. La. Wildlife and Fisheries Commission Sixth Biennial
Report, (1954-1955).
Stejskal, I. (1993). The effects of seismic surveys on marine
animals. Woodside Offshore Petroleum Pty Ltd, Perth Doc. No.
ENV-180.
Toole, C. (1983). Seismic vessels and fisheries. Sea Grant of
California, University of California Cooperative Extension, 1983
Marine Advisory Programmes Newsletter.
Trasky, L. (1976). Environmental impact of seismic exploration and
blasting in the aquatic environement. Alaska Department of Fish and
Game
Traxler, S.L., B.R. Murphy and T.L. Linton (1993). Subsediment
seismic explosions do not injure caged fishes in a freshwater
reservoir. J. Freshwat. Ecol. 8: 73-74.
Turnpenny, A.W.H. and J.R. Nedwell (1994). The effects on marine
fish, diving mammals and birds of underwater sound generated by
seismic surveys. Fawley Aquatic Research Laboratories Ltd
Consultancy Report. FCR 089/94. 40pp.
Turnpenny, A.W.H., K.P. Thatcher, R. Wood and P.H. Loeffelman
(1993). Experiments on the use of sound as a fish deterrent.
Fawley Aquatic Research Laboratories Ltd Contractors Report to the
Energy Technology Support Unit (ETSU), Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire,
OX11 0RA. Report No. ETSU T/04/00171/REP.
Urick, R.J. (1967). Principles of underwater sound for engineers.
McGraw-Hill, New York.
Urick, R.J. (1983). Principles of underwater sound. McGraw Hill,
New York.
Urquhart, G.G. and A.D.F. Johnstone (1984). The effects of land
based explosions on caged fish in the sea. Scottish Office
Agriculture and Fisheries Department, Marine Laboratory Working
Paper. 2/84.
Warren, R.P. (1989). Offshore oil and gas exploration: what are
the environmental impacts and do they justify limitations on access
to coastal waters? APEA (Australian Petroleum Exploration
Association) 1989: 84-95.
Wright, D.G. (1982). A discussion paper on the effects of
explosives on fish and marine mammals in the waters of the Northwest
Territories. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Winnepeg, Manitoba
Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. No.
1052.
Yelverton, J.T., D.R. Richmond, E.R. Fletcher and R.K. Jones
(1973). Safe distances from underwater explosions for mammals and
birds. Defense Nuclear Agency, Washington, D.C. Report. No.
3114T.
Yelverton, J.T., D.R. Richmond, W. Hicks, K. Saunders and E.R.
Fletcher (1975). The relationship between fish size and their
response to underwater blast. Defense Nuclear Agency, Washington,
D.C. Report. No. 3677T.
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