*********ENSO 97-98: CURRENT REPORTS ON EVENTS**************
This electronic mailing is intended to provide near real-time reports
primarily on marine and terrestrial events that may be linked to the
development of the 1997 El Niņo/Southern Oscillation which appears to be
one of the most severe ENSO events in history. Emphasis is on
seabirds and changes to marine ecosystems, but we appreciate other reports
that may expand our understanding of effects. These include rainfall,
flooding, or associated disease outbreaks. We try to be inclusive and to
let hindsight separate ENSO from other effects.
Report 23, 4 April 1998, is available at
http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~sustain/ENSO.html
To be placed on the emailing list for future bulletins, contact
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SYNOPSIS
El Nino: 16 March to 1 April: While Peru, Ecuador and to a lesser extent
California suffer from heavy rains and flooding, Asia, Namibia, and Hawaii
continue in drought. Indonesia appears on the brink of collapse. Recovery
of eastern African nations battered by flooding may be stopped by the onset
of normal seasonal rains. Dengue Fever appears to be very widespread in
Brazil. Cholera is a problem in most nations experiencing major flooding.
Famine (or "acute food supply inadequacy" in diplomatic jargon), because
of El Nino related events, appears possible or to be occurring in Central
America, Indonesia, Brazil, Guyana, Haiti, Somalia and perhaps parts of
Kenya.
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Titles of individual reports
NOVEMBER 1997. WASHINGTON STATE
FEBRUARY 1998. U.S. PACIFIC COAST: OCEANOGRAPHY AND FISHERIES
20 FEBRUARY 1998. BRAZIL: DENGUE FEVER
20 MARCH 1998. ECUADOR: CHOLERA
22 FEBRUARY 1998: TIBET: CLIMATE (SEVERE WINTER)
26 FEBRUARY 1998. PACIFIC ISLANDS
27 MARCH 1998. NAMIBIA: CLIMATE (DROUGHT)
14 -17 MARCH 1998. MEXICO: SEABIRD (MORTALITY)
16 MARCH 1998. GEORGIA: IMPACT (FLOOD)
16 MARCH 1998. PERU: CLIMATE (IMPACT)
16 MARCH 1998. HAWAII: CLIMATE (FIRE)
16 MARCH 1998. U.S.A.: TORNADOES
16 MARCH 1998. PERU: FATALITIES
16 MARCH 1998. TENNESSEE: CLIMATE
16 MARCH 1998. ALASKA: OCEANOGRAPHY
16 MARCH 1998. SOUTHERN AFRICA: FOOD FORECAST
17 MARCH 1998. MASSACHUSETTS, RHODE ISLAND AND NEW YORK: CLIMATE AND LANDBIRDS
18 MARCH 1998. NAMIBIA: AGRICULTURE
19 MARCH 1998. COSTA RICA: CLIMATE
19 MARCH 1998. SOUTH AFRICA: SEABIRDS
19 MARCH 1998: ATLANTIC CANADA: CLIMATE & MARINE MAMMAL (POTENTIAL MORTALITY)
19 MARCH 1998. USA: CLIMATE (FORECAST)
20 MARCH 1998. PERU: CHOLERA
20 MARCH 1998. TANZANIA: CLIMATE (FORECAST)
20 MARCH 1998. ALASKA: FISHERY
21 MARCH 1998. KENYA: DISEASE
21 MARCH 1998. BRAZIL: CLIMATE (FIRES AND DROUGHT)
22 MARCH 1998. MARSHALL ISLANDS: IMPACT (DROUGHT)
23 MARCH 1998. AUSTRALIA: CLIMATE (FIRES)
23 MARCH 1998. CENTRAL AMERICA: FOOD SUPPLY
23 MARCH 1998: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC AND HAITI: FOOD SUPPLY
23 MARCH 1998. NORTH KOREA: FOOD SUPPLY
23 MARCH 1998. U.S. RESEARCH: ECONOMIC BENEFIT
23 MARCH 1998. MONGOLIA: FOOD SUPPLY
24 MARCH 1998. PERU: AGRICULTURE
24 - 25 MARCH 1998. CHINA: CLIMATE (FLOODS PREDICTED)
25 MARCH 1998. PERU: FISHERY
25 MARCH 1998. BRITISH COLUMBIA: RIVER RUNOFF
26 MARCH 1998. PERU: FISHERIES
26 MARCH 1998. EARTH: ROTATION
26 MARCH 1998. GUYANA: EFFECTS (STATE OF EMERGENCY)
26 MARCH 1998. PERU: FISHERIES
26 MARCH 1998. BORNEO: CHOLERA
27 MARCH 1998. CALIFORNIA: CLIMATE (STORM)
27 MARCH 1998. SOMALIA: CHOLERA AND HEAVY RAINS
27 MARCH 1998. SOUTHEAST ASIA: CLIMATE (DROUGHT)
28 MARCH 1998. PERU: FISHERY (ANCHOVETA)
29 MARCH 1998. PERU: IMPACT (PLANE CRASH)
29 MARCH 1998. PERU; MARINE MAMMAL (MORTALITY)
29 MARCH 1998. PHILIPPINES: IMPACT (FOREST FIRES)
29 MARCH 1998. INDONESIA: CLIMATE (FOREST FIRES)
30 MARCH 1998.THAILAND: IMPACT (FOREST FIRES)
29 MARCH 1998. VIETNAM: CLIMATE (DROUGHT)
30 MARCH 1998. SRI LANKA: CLIMATE (DROUGHT)
30 MARCH 1998. MINNESOTA: TORNADOES
30 March 1998. ECUADOR: CLIMATE (IMPACT)
30 MARCH 1998 ECUADOR (GALAPAGOS): CORAL BLEACHING
31 MARCH 1998. HONG KONG: CLIMATE (WETTEST YEAR)
31 MARCH 1998. NORTHERN HEMISPHERE (CLIMATE)
31 MARCH 1998. BRAZIL (HEAVY RAINFALL PREDICTED)
31 MARCH 1998. INDIAN OCEAN: CLIMATE (CYCLONE SEASON DELAYED)
31 MARCH 1998. NEW JERSEY: CLIMATE (RECORD HIGH)
26 MARCH 1998. PERU: OCEANOGRAPHY AND FISHERIES
28 MARCH 1998. ALASKA: SEABIRD (MORTALITY)
31 MARCH 1998. ALASKA: LANDBIRDS (HUMMINGBIRDS ARRIVE)
1 APRIL 1998. SOUTH AMERICA: CHOLERA
1 APRIL 1998. INDONESIA: FAMINE
1 APRIL 1998. PANAMA: CORAL (BLEACHING)
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